1. Overview of Rotary Encoding Switch

A rotary encoding switch is a sensor used to convert rotational position into an electrical signal. They are mainly divided into two types: incremental encoder and absolute encoder.

1.1 Incremental encoder

Incremental encoders provide position information by detecting incremental changes in rotation. Its output signal is usually a square wave, which is suitable for applications that need to measure speed or direction.

1.2 Absolute encoder

Absolute encoders can provide unique position information, usually in digital form. They can still maintain position data after power failure.

2. Main parameters of rotary encoding switches

2.1 Resolution

Resolution refers to the minimum rotation angle that the encoder can detect. It is usually expressed in pulses per revolution (PPR). The higher the resolution, the higher the detection accuracy.

2.2 Output type

The output types of rotary encoding switches include:

Digital output: such as TTL, HTL, etc.

Analog output: such as voltage or current signal.

2.3 Working voltage

The working voltage of the encoder is usually between 5V and 30V, and different types of encoders are suitable for different voltage ranges.

2.4 Response frequency

The response frequency refers to the signal frequency that the encoder can handle, usually expressed in kHz. A high response frequency means that the encoder can respond to rotation changes faster.

III. Electrical performance issues and solutions

3.1 Power supply problem

Problem: The encoder cannot work properly, which may be caused by insufficient power supply voltage or power supply fluctuations.

Solution:

Confirm whether the power supply voltage is within the rated range of the encoder.

Use a regulated power supply to reduce the impact of power supply fluctuations on the encoder.

3.2 Signal interference

Problem: The encoder output signal is unstable and may be affected by external electromagnetic interference.

Solution:

Use shielded cables to connect the encoder to reduce electromagnetic interference.

Add filters to the signal line to smooth the output signal.

3.3 Output signal error

Problem: The output signal does not match the actual rotation position.

Solution:

Check whether the encoder's connection line is in good contact.

Confirm whether the encoder is configured correctly and recalibrate if necessary.

IV. Mechanical performance issues and solutions

4.1 Wear problem

Problem: After long-term use, the encoder may wear out, resulting in reduced accuracy.

Solution:

Check the encoder and related mechanical parts for wear regularly and replace them if necessary.

Choose encoders made of highly wear-resistant materials to extend their service life.

4.2 Installation issues

Problem: Improper installation of the encoder may cause unstable or damaged signals.

Solution:

Follow the installation guidelines provided by the manufacturer.

Ensure accurate alignment between the encoder and the object being measured to avoid offset.

4.3 Temperature effects

Problem: Extreme temperatures may affect the performance of the encoder.

Solution:

Select an encoder suitable for the working environment and ensure that its temperature range meets the application requirements.

Use protective devices in high or low temperature environments to reduce the impact of temperature on the encoder.

V. Common faults and solutions

5.1 Encoder has no output

Fault phenomenon: The encoder has no output signal at all.

Possible causes:

Power failure.

The connecting line is broken.

Solution:

Check the power supply to confirm that the power supply is normal.

Check the connecting line to ensure that there is no break or poor contact.

5.2 Abnormal output signal waveform

Fault phenomenon: The output signal waveform is deformed, resulting in position reading errors.

Possible causes:

Signal interference.

Internal fault of encoder.

Solution:

Use an oscilloscope to check the output signal waveform and confirm the source of interference.

If the waveform is abnormal, the encoder may need to be replaced.

5.3 Position drift

Fault phenomenon: The output signal still changes when the encoder is stationary.

Possible causes:

Temperature change.

Mechanical wear.

Solution:

Ensure that the working environment temperature of the encoder is stable.

Regularly check and maintain mechanical parts and replace them when necessary.